Ppython爬取微博文字与图片(不使用Cookie)

网页版微博是纯正的HTML，而且调用的微博自家的API来获取图片。

网址:https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/即为微博api里面包含了个人的信息与微博文字与图片存储地址。

进入api页面我们可以很清晰的看到各种信息都用json存储起来了。我们再利用python中的json库提取出来即可。这比其它利用cookie模拟登陆要方便很多，我们只要输入被爬虫用户的微博ID然后运行便能自动爬取。

ID从这个复制链接里面可以看出来。

代码采用Python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import urllib.request
import json
import requests
import os
 
path = 'C:\\Users\\dell\\Desktop\\weibo\\'
 
id = '2093492691'
proxy_addr = "122.241.72.191:808"
pic_num = 0
weibo_name = "programmer"
 
def use_proxy(url,proxy_addr):
    req=urllib.request.Request(url)
    req.add_header("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0")
    proxy=urllib.request.ProxyHandler({'http':proxy_addr})
    opener=urllib.request.build_opener(proxy,urllib.request.HTTPHandler)
    urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
    data=urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode('utf-8','ignore')
    return data
 
def get_containerid(url):
    data=use_proxy(url,proxy_addr)
    content=json.loads(data).get('data')
    for data in content.get('tabsInfo').get('tabs'):
        if(data.get('tab_type')=='weibo'):
            containerid=data.get('containerid')
    return containerid
 
def get_userInfo(id):
    url='https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value='+id
    data=use_proxy(url,proxy_addr)
    content=json.loads(data).get('data')
    profile_image_url=content.get('userInfo').get('profile_image_url')
    description=content.get('userInfo').get('description')
    profile_url=content.get('userInfo').get('profile_url')
    verified=content.get('userInfo').get('verified')
    guanzhu=content.get('userInfo').get('follow_count')
    name=content.get('userInfo').get('screen_name')
    fensi=content.get('userInfo').get('followers_count')
    gender=content.get('userInfo').get('gender')
    urank=content.get('userInfo').get('urank')
    print("微博昵称："+name+"\n"+"微博主页地址："+profile_url+"\n"+"微博头像地址："+profile_image_url+"\n"+"是否认证："+str(verified)+"\n"+"微博说明："+description+"\n"+"关注人数："+str(guanzhu)+"\n"+"粉丝数："+str(fensi)+"\n"+"性别："+gender+"\n"+"微博等级："+str(urank)+"\n")
 
 
def get_weibo(id,file):
    global pic_num
    i=1
    while True:
        url='https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value='+id
        weibo_url='https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?type=uid&value='+id+'&containerid='+get_containerid(url)+'&page='+str(i)
        try:
            data=use_proxy(weibo_url,proxy_addr)
            content=json.loads(data).get('data')
            cards=content.get('cards')
            if(len(cards)>0):
                for j in range(len(cards)):
                    print("-----正在爬取第"+str(i)+"页，第"+str(j)+"条微博------")
                    card_type=cards[j].get('card_type')
                    if(card_type==9):
                        mblog=cards[j].get('mblog')
                        attitudes_count=mblog.get('attitudes_count')
                        comments_count=mblog.get('comments_count')
                        created_at=mblog.get('created_at')
                        reposts_count=mblog.get('reposts_count')
                        scheme=cards[j].get('scheme')
                        text=mblog.get('text')
                        if mblog.get('pics') != None:
                            # print(mblog.get('original_pic'))
                            # print(mblog.get('pics'))
                            pic_archive = mblog.get('pics')
                            for _ in range(len(pic_archive)):
                                pic_num += 1
                                print(pic_archive[_]['large']['url'])
                                imgurl = pic_archive[_]['large']['url']
                                img = requests.get(imgurl)
                                f = open(path+weibo_name+'\\'+str(pic_num)+ str(imgurl[-4:]), 'ab')  # 存储图片，多媒体文件需要参数b（二进制文件）
                                f.write(img.content)  # 多媒体存储content
                                f.close()
 
                        with open(file,'a',encoding='utf-8') as fh:
                            fh.write("----第"+str(i)+"页，第"+str(j)+"条微博----"+"\n")
                            fh.write("微博地址："+str(scheme)+"\n"+"发布时间："+str(created_at)+"\n"+"微博内容："+text+"\n"+"点赞数："+str(attitudes_count)+"\n"+"评论数："+str(comments_count)+"\n"+"转发数："+str(reposts_count)+"\n")
                i+=1
            else:
                break
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            pass
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    if os.path.isdir(path+weibo_name):
        pass
    else:
        os.mkdir(path+weibo_name)
    file = path+weibo_name+'\\'+weibo_name+".txt"
    get_userInfo(id)
    get_weibo(id, file)

最终的效果图(爬取的微博txt文件):